1.
Indonesia vs china
Economic
System in Indonesia
Many people say, that
Indonesia has been guided democracies or democratic system Pancasila. But not a
few people who said the Indonesian nation's economic system is the economic
system of capitalism. Even when Indonesia in the New Order regime led by
Suharto was showing slight Indonesian nation that had embraced communism
economic system, the actual economic system is strongly opposed by the people
at that time. Indonesia is said to embrace the traditional economic system or
economic system of guided democracy or Pancasila was true. Much of the evidence
that supports such words or statements. After our nation's post-independence or
independence of our nation from the hands of the invaders, the Indonesian
economy was based
"Family
principle".
The family principle
ideas initiated by Mr. Hatta, which according to him is this system that fits
perfectly with the current state of the Indonesian nation. With this idea he
formed the body of the nation's economy
which we know as
"cooperative".
In Indonesia, it's
common to hear "freedom of action". All citizens are free to choose
what kind of job that would occupied. The state does not regulate in this case,
the state can only oversees. Then all the free Indonesia founded the company
that they want. State gives broad freedom to its citizens. Rights-owned also a
very unusual sound. There is no news that Indonesia is a country that forbids
its citizens to own a company or institution, or other items.
Economic
System in China
China from the first
term is very popular with the communist state. State that all economies are
regulated by the State. And citizens who oppose him will be punished, so there
should not be one of its citizens who oppose the policy issued by the
government. China also stifle or curb press in his own country. Organization
Reporters Sans Frontieres (RSF) located in Paris on January 4, 2006 also
reported that earlier detentions against journalists in 2005 is most prevalent
in China. (Reuters, January 5, 2006). Data collected reporter organizations
across the country is showing until January 1, 2006, the number of journalists
who were detained in the communist country as many as 32 people. Here, the
media was given strict pengawasn. Banning and confiscation of the media are
also common.
But now china system
change towards a better economy again, there is no restraint on the press,
giving freedom to the citizen to regulate its own economy.
Then china working to
improve the basic economic system, where the state-owned economy is a major
part and multi-ownership economy grow together, establish a profitable system
to change the dualistic economic structure between cities and villages,
establish mechanisms that encourage the harmonious development of regional
economy, build a modern market system uniform, open and orderly competition,
improve macro control systems, systems administration and legal system of the
economy, improve the system of employment, income distribution and social
security, and establish mechanisms that encourage sustainable development in
economic and social fields. With the data as described above, china can be
classified into the State which also adheres to socialist economic system.
And this very giving
effect to the economy of china to the united states which is actually a superpower
powerless against china's economy that have values very rapid economic
progress thanks to the economic system that they profess. Actually we should
learn from china rather than learn from the United States who are currently
experiencing a major crisis. Now China is also open free market economy, which
means they are open for anyone to achieve economies kesehjahteraan for the
people. The free market itself is a hallmark of liberalism or economic system
of capitalism. So the economic system china is a mix between a socialist
economic system, capitalism, and communism.
2.
Indonesia vs Malaysia
Malaysia
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Indonesia
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Economy - overview
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Malaysia, a middle-income country, has transformed itself since the 1970s
from a producer of raw materials into an emerging multi-sector economy. Under
current Prime Minister NAJIB, Malaysia is attempting to achieve high-income
status by 2020 and to move farther up the value-added production chain by
attracting investments in Islamic finance, high technology industries,
biotechnology, and services. NAJIB's Economic Transformation Program (ETP) is
a series of projects and policy measures intended to accelerate the country's
economic growth. The government has also taken steps to liberalize some
services sub-sectors. The NAJIB administration also is continuing efforts to
boost domestic demand and reduce the economy''s dependence on exports.
Nevertheless, exports - particularly of electronics, oil and gas, palm oil
and rubber - remain a significant driver of the economy. As an oil and gas
exporter, Malaysia has profited from higher world energy prices, although the
rising cost of domestic gasoline and diesel fuel, combined with strained
government finances, has forced Kuala Lumpur to begin to reduce government
subsidies. The government is also trying to lessen its dependence on state
oil producer Petronas. The oil and gas sector supplies about 35% of
government revenue in 2011. Bank Negera Malaysia (central bank) maintains
healthy foreign exchange reserves, and a well-developed regulatory regime has
limited Malaysia''s exposure to riskier financial instruments and the global
financial crisis. Nevertheless, Malaysia could be vulnerable to a fall in
commodity prices or a general slowdown in global economic activity because
exports are a major component of GDP. In order to attract increased
investment, NAJIB has raised possible revisions to the special economic and social
preferences accorded to ethnic Malays under the New Economic Policy of 1970,
but he has encountered significant opposition, especially from Malay
nationalists and other vested interests.
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Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, grew more than 6% annually in 2010-12.
The government made economic advances under the first administration of
President YUDHOYONO (2004-09), introducing significant reforms in the
financial sector, including tax and customs reforms, the use of Treasury
bills, and capital market development and supervision. During the global
financial crisis, Indonesia outperformed its regional neighbors and joined
China and India as the only G20 members posting growth in 2009. The
government has promoted fiscally conservative policies, resulting in a
debt-to-GDP ratio of less than 25%, a fiscal deficit below 3%, and
historically low rates of inflation. Fitch and Moody's upgraded Indonesia's
credit rating to investment grade in December 2011. Indonesia still struggles
with poverty and unemployment, inadequate infrastructure, corruption, a
complex regulatory environment, and unequal resource distribution among
regions. The government in 2013 faces the ongoing challenge of improving
Indonesia''s insufficient infrastructure to remove impediments to economic
growth, labor unrest over wages, and reducing its fuel subsidy program in the
face of high oil prices.
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Reference :
http://kickydut.wordpress.com/2010/10/14/perbandingan-ekonomi-indonesia-antara-salah-satu-negara-lain/
http://www.indexmundi.com/factbook/compare/malaysia.indonesia/economy
http://www.indexmundi.com/factbook/compare/malaysia.indonesia/economy
